Telephone-transmitter.



PATENTED JULY 28,1908.

,3. J. YITRAT, TELEPHONE TRANSMITTER. APPLICATION FILED Ji'IHEZl, 1907.

INVENTOR! EMILE J. PITRAT, OF URBANA, ILLINOIS.

TELEPHONE-TRANSMITTER.

I Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 21, 1907. Serial No. 380,087.

Patented July 28, 1908.

Z all whom it may concern:

Be 1t known that I, EMILE J. PITRAT, a

citizen of the United States of America,

' back of the speaking diaphragm and parallel therewith. With this construction, when residing at Urbana, in the county of Champaign and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Telephone-Transmitter, of which'the following 1s a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings illustrating same.

My invention relates to transmitters of the granule type, for transmitting speech by" means of electricity.

The principal objects of my invention are to provide a transmitter in which the button is always in a vertical position regardless of the position of the body or the mouthplece of the transmitter; to provide a trans' nutter in which the vibrations of the speakmg diaphragm are amplified before they act on the comminuted material, whereby the variation of the resistance of the said comminuted material for a given vibration of the speaking diaphragm is greatly increased, and to provide an improved construction and arrangement of parts in such a transmitter.

Other objects will be apparent from the following specification.

In many telephone transmitters heretofore used the button is mounted directly the mouth piece is tilted up or down, the button is also tiltedfrom the vertical, which tiltingcauses the comminuted material in the button to cover more or less of the electrodes, depending upon how much the button is tilted, and thereby vary the talking qualities of the transmitter, sometimes enough to render the transmitter practically useless for conversation.

In the transmitter of my present invention Imount the button atright-angle's ,to the speaking diaphra m and then mount the transmitter as a w ole onits support so that the button is held in a vertical'position. With this construction and arrangement, when the mouth-piece of the transmitter is raised or lowered the button remains in its vertical position, which insures that the comminuted material in-the button alwa s ,covers the same amount of surface of t e.

electrodes. As the same amount of surface Of the electrodes is always covered 'by the her, the

thereon as shownln Fig. 1'.

7 this transmitter the current '{re uired to properly supply the transmitter ways re mams the same; while in a transmitter where the button is tilted out of the'vertical,

the current required to properly supply the transmitter varies considerably, dependi upon the amount the button is tilted'ar id the amount of surface of the electrodes covered by the comminuted material.

In the transmitter of my invention I provide a pivoted lever arm between the speaking diaphragm and the button the shorter 1 arm bemg acted on by the vibrations of the speaking diaphragm and the lon or arm acting on the "comminuted'materia in the button, .whereby the vibrations of the speaking diaphragm which are transmittedto the button aregreatly amplified. I I 'By reference to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the preferred construction of the transmitter of my invention, with-portions removed; Fig. 2 1s a back elevation of the transmitter shown in Fig. 1, with the ordinary inclosing shell removed and Fi 3 'is a detail view of the button, the spea ring diaphra m and the pivoted lever connecting the utton with the speaking diaphragm, the button being shown in elevation and the speaking diaphragm being shown on edge as'if the position of the mouth-piece of the transmitter were directly downward from the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Like characters refer to like parts in the several figures. 1

The transmitter illustrated comprises the usual front plate 1, mouth-piece 2, speaking diaphragm 3, annular rubber fold 4 'for the speakin diaphragm, dampener sprin s 5 and 6, and t e usual inclosing shell (not s own in the drawings). The transmitter brid e comprises a metal plate 7 carryinga bloc of insulating material 8, preferably of hard rublate 7 being secured to the front plate 1 of the transmitter by screws 9 9,.and

Fi 2 and havm a ro'ectin ortion- 11 g g P J Tiie buttorr. 12 comprises any suitable formof button having a pair of electrodes with comminuted material therebetween, at least one of the electrodes being adapted to be vibrated. From the rear of the button 12 extends a pin 13 electrically connected with'the backfelectrode of the button and extending through the portion 1 1 where it is held in place by t e I the block 8 beingcut' away at 10 as shown in v set screwl' i. The pin 13 is electrically con- .nected with a terminal screw 24 by a metallic ribbon 15. The front electrode of the button'is connected with a terminal screw 16 by a suitable conductor 17 which may be a wire or a ribbon as desired. The conductors leadin to the transmitter are connected to termina screws 24 and 16, respectively. le v'e'rhying jaiims 18-and 19 at right anl'es to ch 'iotherfifspivoted at 20 20 on rackets23 23 which are mounted on the ins'ulati'ng ,block' 8 preferably as shown, the

' 'lbngflarm'lg of the lever being connected to I the front electrode of the button by a nut 21 and the short arm 18 being connected to the speaking diaphragm 3 by a rod 22 preferably as shown in Fig. 3. The vibrations of the [s eaking diaphragm 3 are transmitted troughrod22 to the short arm 18 of the lever, andthence throu h the lever to the long arm 19 thereof which communicates the vibrations to the front electrode of the button. It will bevseen that as the long arm 19 ison the button side of the pivot and the ":25 fshort arm 18 on the diaphragm side of the I pivot 20, the vibpationsof the speakingdiahragm 3 are amplified before acting on the ront electrode of the button. It will therefore be seen" that the Vibrations on the-comminuted material,- and the consequent variations of resistance thereof, are much greater than if the speaking dia hragm 3 .j I acted on the front electrode oi the utton directly. This construction gives a very sensitive and powerful transmitter. The trans- ,mitter may be adjusted by adjustin the button by means of the pin 13 an the set screw 14;

l t will be seen that when the transmitter is inthe position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the i button stands in'a vertical position, and re mains in a vertical os'ition even if the mouth ,f piece 2 and the be y 1 of the transmitter are .turned,down far enough to place the speaking diaphragm 3'in the position shown in Fig. {3. ,,The.mouth-piece 2 and the frame 1 of I the transmitter maybe turned clear around in a vertical plane without in the least tilting thebutton 12 outof its vertical position. Thus .it will be seen, as hereinbefor'e stated, that the talking qualities of the transmitter and .the proper amount of current for operating-the' transmitter, remain constant at all time's. I

I do not Wish to limit this invention to the particular details of construction as herein shown, as many modifications may be made .therein'without departing from the scope of thgplppended claims. I

t at I claim as new and desire to secure I by Letters Patent, is:

-.1. In a transmitter of the character de-' scribed, a speaking diaphragm, and abutton containing comminuted material, vibratively connected with the said diaphragm may be tilted from insulating material suitab y and arranged in a vertical position at right angles to the diaphragm whereby the latter may be tilted without aiiecting the vertical position of the button.

2. In a transmitter of the character described, a speaking diaphragm, a button arran ed vertically and located at right angles to t e diaphragm whereb the latter may be tilted without afiecting t 1e vertical position of the button, and an elbow-lever arm vibratively connected between the speaking diaphragm and the button whereby the vibrations of the speaking diaphragm are amplitied to produce an increased vibration at the button.

. 3. In a transmitter of the character described, a speaking diaphragm, a button containing comminuted material arranged vertically and mounted at right angles to the diaphragm whereby the latter may be tilted wit iout ail'ecting/the vertical position of the button, a rod extending through the center of the diaphragm and rigidly secured thereto, and an elbow connected with the said rod and a long arm connectedriith the said button, and pivoted between the said arms, whereby the vibrations of the speaking diaphragm are amplified u on being communicated to the button.

4. n a transmitter of the character described, a speaking diaphragm located substantially vertically, a button containing comminuted resistance material and located vertically in a plane at right angles to the speaking dialphragn'i, and a lever viln'ativel y connecting t 1e speaking diaphragm with the said button, whereby the speaking diaphragm its vertical position without affecting the vertical position of the said button.

5. In a transmitter of the character described, a speaking diaphragm hold in a substantially vertical position, a button containmg comminuted resistance material and mounted at right angles to the speaking diaphragm in a substantially vertical plane, a rod extending through the center of the s caking diaphragm and rigidly secured tiereto, and an elbow lever having a short arm connectedwith the said rod and a long arm connected with the said button, whereby the vibrations of the speaking diaphragm are amplified before being utilized at the said button, and whereby the speaking dia phragm may be tilted out of its vertical position without affecting the vertical position of the said button.

6. A transmitter of. the character described, comprising a front plate carrying a mouth-piece, a bridge com )rising at block of mounted upon the back. of the front plate, a speaking dim pliia m carried by the said front plate, a suitaole button containin r commiiuited lim terial, carried by the said lock of insulating lever having a short arm button, and whereby the speaking diaphragm may be tilted without affecting the Vertical position of the said button.

As inventor of the foregoing, I. hereunto subscribe my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses this 14 day of June material substantially at ri ht angles to the speaking diaphragm in a su stantially vertical position, a rod extending through the center of the speakin diaphragm and rigidly secured thereto, brac ets carried by the said block of insulating material, and an elbow lever having a short arm connected with the 1907 said rod and a l0n arm connected with the said button, and Fivoted between the said EMILE PITRAVI," arms on the said )rackets, whereby the vi- Witnesses:

brations of the speaking diaphragm are am- ESTELLA TEGAR, phhcd upon being communicated to the said LYDIA MGHUGH. 

